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Dr. Alexandre Zacharov
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Three-Dimensional Image in Teaching Demonstrative Experiment
Progress of science and technology makes a great impact on the feasibility of carrying out a teaching demonstrative experiment within the scope of physics. And not only the technique of the experiment demonstration but also technical appliances are constantly improved and perfected at the expense of replacing them by more modernized and most-up-to-date ones. This process is both very important and regular. But much more important, from our point of view, is the introduction to the teaching demonstrative experiment of radically new experiments which enable observation of such phenomena, processes, features of the real world around us that could not take place in the teaching demonstrative experiments before.
Didactic necessity of such demonstrations is quite self-evident concerning a lot of subjects and sections of physics. In practical teaching of physics the most fitted demonstrative experiments are such sections as "Mechanics", "Heat", "Electricity". But even within the just mentioned sections a great number of ideas are not adequately grasped by students. To such ideas in the first turn belong space-and-time ideas in "Mechanics" and the ideas determining structure, motion and interaction of microstructural particles from molecules and atoms up to elementary particles within such sections as "Heat", "Electricity", etc., and especially within the sections of "Wave optics" and "Nuclear physics". Upgrading of technical appliances, widening of operating possibilities of the conventional demonstrative experiments, making up of radically new demonstration equipment and appliances foresees the perfection of the technique and methods of demonstration towards a rational use of newly introduced elaborations within t he field of practical training.
The main didactic objective of the proposed demonstration equipment is to make up the object of observation sufficiently appropriate to reveal the essential features of shaped physical ideas about scientific facts, natural phenomena and their interconnection.
The appliances and devices developed by us can furnish an excellent example of widening working possibilities of the optic bench to make up a three-dimensional projection. The essence of the three-dimensional projection is that it gives some insight to understanding a great number of principal features of the idea shaping which keep being unseen on the plane projection. The image attained through the three-dimensional projection are simultaneously presented by the screen plane and by a third coordinate of the viewer's beam of vision directed towards the screen. The demand of getting projected objects in a three-dimensional format is sometimes both not only desirable but also necessary. The three-dimensional image is both much richer by its content than analogue plane images and closer to real observation of three-dimensional space features. We have already developed the technique and methods of presenting 16 demonstrative experiments with the aid of the three-dimensional projection which meet the needs of creating space-time ideas and understanding the ideas of geometrical and wave optics.
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